System, method and apparatus for augmenting a building management system with indoor air quality sensor information

ABSTRACT

A system, method and apparatus for augmenting a building control system domain. A sensor network platform can be configured to collect data based on measurements from sensors outside of a legacy building control system domain, and to present information based on the collected data to a known interface supported by the legacy building control system. In one embodiment, the collected data can undergo customized processing by an operation center outside of the legacy building control system domain.

This application is a continuation of non-provisional application Ser. No. 17/240,146, filed Apr. 26, 2021, which is a continuation of non-provisional application Ser. No. 16/418,247, filed May 21, 2019, which is a continuation of non-provisional application Ser. No. 15/876,174, filed Jan. 21, 2018 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,313,149), which is a continuation of non-provisional application Ser. No. 14/871,014, filed Sep. 30, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,876,653), which is a continuation-in-part of non-provisional application Ser. No. 14/710,170, filed May 12, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,551,594). Non-provisional application Ser. No. 14/710,170 claims the benefit of and priority to provisional application No. 61/992,307, filed May 13, 2014, and to provisional application No. 62/136,959, filed Mar. 23, 2015. Each of the above-identified applications is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND Field

The present disclosure relates generally to sensor applications, including a system, method and apparatus for augmenting a building control system domain.

Introduction

Sensors can be used to monitor various conditions at a monitored location such as a building. In one example, sensors can be used to monitor physical environment conditions such as temperature, humidity, and air quality. In another example, sensors can be used to monitor physical environment conditions such as consumption of a particular utility (e.g., power). The application of sensors within the building context is growing as the utility provided by such monitoring expands.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to describe the manner in which the above-recited and other advantages and features can be obtained, a more particular description will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments and are not therefore to be considered limiting of its scope, the disclosure describes and explains with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a monitored location.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example embodiment of augmenting a control system domain.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example embodiment of a node in a sensor network.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example embodiment of a bridge unit.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example embodiment of a bridge unit interfacing with an external controller.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example embodiment of a sensor network node that is physically attached to a set of bridge units.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example embodiment of a housing of a sensor network node that exposes connector interfaces.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example embodiment of a housing of a bridge unit.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example embodiment of a bridge unit interfacing with a building control system.

FIG. 10 illustrates a data flow of an augmented control system domain.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various embodiments are discussed in detail below. While specific implementations are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustration purposes only. A person skilled in the relevant art will recognize that other components and configurations may be used without parting from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

A Building Management System (BMS) is an example of a computer-based control system installed in a building. In general, the computer-based control system can monitor and control some aspect of a building's functionality. The BMS, for example, can be designed to monitor and control the building's mechanical and electrical equipment such as ventilation, lighting, power systems, fire systems, and security systems. Other examples of computer-based control systems installed in a building include a Building Automation System (BAS), a Facility Management Systems (FMS), an Energy Management Systems (EMS), a Maintenance Management System (MMS), or any other control system installed in a building that can leverage input information based on sensor measurements.

A BMS is a combination of hardware and software and is typically proprietary. A BMS can be installed during the building construction phase as it is tied in with the installation of extensive mechanical, HVAC, electrical, and plumbing systems. Due in part to its scale of operation, the BMS is often rigidly configured or incomplete in its reach. This results because the BMS is not installed with the sufficient level of granularity to enable fine-tuning of its operation to meet the particular needs of a building site. Further problematic is the prohibitive expense of adjusting or modifying the proprietary BMS. In general, the BMS is typically inflexible in adapting to the dynamic nature of the on-site needs as the building usage evolves over time. This can be especially true when considering the need for increasing the number of sensors at a building site to give the BMS additional information to implement control measures with greater accuracy and effectiveness.

In the present disclosure, it is recognized that a sensor network platform can be used to augment the sensor information that is input into a building control system such as a BMS. In one example system, a gateway device is installed at a monitored location with a network connection with an operations center located external to the monitored location. The gateway device can communicate with a plurality of sensor network nodes, wherein each sensor network node can support one or more sensors. In one embodiment, the sensor network platform can perform customized processing of sensor data collected at the monitored location to produce the particular sensor information desired by the building control system.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a monitored location. In general, a monitored location can represent any area where one or more sensors are deployed. The monitored location may or may not represent a physical area having clearly defined boundaries. As would be appreciated, the extent of the monitoring application itself provides a sense of boundary to the monitored location. In one example, the monitored location can represent a building such as a home, hotel, industrial facility, school, hospital, community building, stadium, airport, convention center, warehouse, office building, mall, shopping center, data center, multi-dwelling unit, or other defined building structure. In another example, the monitored location can represent an area of control such as a vehicle or container in any mode of transport, an asset collection area, a construction zone, or any monitored area that can be fixed or movable. In yet another example, the monitored location can represent an area proximate to an article, device, person or other item of interest upon which one or more sensors are attached.

In the example of FIG. 1 , monitored location 100 includes control system 111. Where monitored location 100 includes a building, control system 111 can represent a building control system such as a BMS. Control system 111 operates in a domain 110. Domain 110 need not represent a defined physical area. Rather, domain 110 can represent a logical expression of the reach of control system 111 as defined by a first plurality of sensors (S1) that are equipped to provide sensor data to control system 111. As would be appreciated, the first plurality of sensors can be connected to control system 111 via a known interface mechanism supported by control system 111.

As illustrated in FIG. 1 , monitored location 100 also includes a second domain 120 that can represent a logical expression of a domain outside the reach of control system 111. Included within the second domain 120 is a second plurality of sensors (S2) that are not currently integrated with control system 111. This lack of integration can result from the inflexibility of control system 111 in adapting to the changing sensor application needs within monitored location 100. In the example of a BMS, the changing sensor application needs can represent the addition of new sensors in a building that respond to new government regulations, that respond to sensor needs in new locations, that respond to new tenant requirements, that incorporate new sensor technology, that incorporate new sensor interfaces, or that achieves any new sensor objective that is beyond the scope of the BMS as initially installed or currently operated. As noted, BMS installations can be inflexible and require significant expense to modify or otherwise adjust its operation. This significant expense will often preclude the integration of the second plurality of sensors with control system 111. As a result, the second plurality of sensors can operate in a second sensor network that is independent of domain 110. This independence limits the utility of control system 111 and reduces the overall return on the original investment in control system 111.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example embodiment of a system for augmenting a domain of a legacy control system. As illustrated, monitored location 200 includes legacy control system 211. Legacy control system 211 operates in a domain 210, which can represent a logical expression of the reach of legacy control system 211. Monitored location 200 also includes a second domain 120 that can represent a logical expression of a domain outside the reach of legacy control system 211. Included within the second domain 220 is a second plurality of sensors (S2) that are not integrated with legacy control system 211. As noted above, the lack of integration of the second plurality of sensors can be due to a number of reasons that relate to new sensor objectives that are beyond the scope of the legacy control system 211 as initially installed or currently operated. In the present disclosure, it is recognized that a sensor network platform can be configured to collect data based on measurements from non-integrated sensors in second domain 220, and to present information based on the collected data to a known interface supported by legacy control system 211.

As illustrated in FIG. 2 , a plurality of sensor network nodes 222-n can support the non-integrated second plurality of sensors in second domain 220. Sensor network nodes 222-n can communicate with gateway 221 via wired or wireless communication. In turn, gateway 221 can communicate with operation center 230 via a network connection. This network connection can be embodied in various forms depending upon the particular characteristics of monitored location 200. For example, where monitored location 200 is a building in a developed area, then the network connection can be facilitated by a wired Internet connection via an Internet service provider (ISP). Where monitored location 200 is a remote physical area (or movable area) that may include a building structure, then the network connection can be facilitated by a terrestrial or satellite based wireless network. Here, it should be noted that multiple gateways can be used at a particular monitored location, wherein each gateway supports a different set of sensors and has a separate network connection to an operation center.

To illustrate the various ways that a sensor network node can support one or more of the second plurality of sensors, consider the example of sensor network node 222-1. First, one or more of the second plurality of sensors (S2) can be integrated with sensor network node 222-1. Second, one or more of the second plurality of sensors can be supported by bridge unit (BU) 240, which is configured for attachment to sensor network node 222-1. Third, one or more of the second plurality of sensors can be supported by bridge unit 250, which communicates with an external controller (C) 260 connected to one or more of the second plurality of sensors. To illustrate the various ways that sensor network node 222-1 can support one or more of the second plurality of sensors, reference is now made to FIG. 3 , which illustrates an example embodiment of a sensor network node that can provide varied support for one or more of the second plurality of sensors.

As illustrated, sensor network node 300 includes controller 310 and transceiver 320, which can support wired or wireless communication. The use of wireless communication enables sensor network node 300 to collect data from sensors that are installed at locations remote from the network infrastructure used by the control system. In one embodiment, a plurality of sensor network nodes can form a wireless mesh network using the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. This wireless mesh network enables sensor network node 300 to communicate with a gateway or another sensor network node that operates as a relay between sensor network node 300 and the gateway. Where wired communication is supported, sensor network node 300 can be configured to communicate with another sensor network node, a gateway or an operation center.

As illustrated, controller 310 can collect data based on measurements by a plurality of sensors 340-n that are contained within or otherwise supported by a housing of sensor network node 300. In one embodiment, the plurality of sensors 340-n integrated with sensor network node 300 can include a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air quality (e.g., CO₂) sensor, a light sensor, a sound sensor, or any other sensor that can be integrated with sensor network node 300. In general, the plurality of sensors 340-n can facilitate monitoring of the physical environment at that part of the monitored location, including the health and/or status of sensor network node 300.

As noted, a sensor network node can also collect sensor measurements from one or more sensors via bridge units. As illustrated in FIG. 3 , controller 310 can collect data from a set of bridge units that are connected to sensor network node 300 via one or more universal sensor interfaces 330-n. Each universal sensor interface 330-n can support the connection of sensor network node 300 with a separate bridge unit. The plug-and-play universal sensor interface facilitates the separation of the sensor network node communication infrastructure from the set of one or more bridge units that are deployed at the location at which the supporting sensor network node is installed. This separation creates significant flexibility in providing customized sensor application solutions after installation of the control system.

Universal sensor interfaces 330-n can represent a combination of hardware and software. The hardware portion of universal sensor interfaces 330-n can include a wired interface that enables communication of different signals between sensor network node 300 and a connected bridge unit. In one example, the wired interface can be enabled through a connector interface, which is exposed by the housing of sensor network node 300, and that is configured to receive a bridge unit connector via removable, pluggable insertion.

In one embodiment, the wired interface can be based on a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus. In one example, the wired interface enables six connections: supply, ground, data in, data out, clock, and device select. The device select connection can be unique to each wired interface and can enable controller 310 in sensor network node 300 to select the particular bridge unit with which sensor network node 300 desires to communicate.

The software portion of the universal sensor interfaces 330-n can include a protocol that allows sensor network node 300 to communicate with a bridge unit. In one example protocol, controller 310 can be configured to poll the various universal sensor interfaces 330-n to determine whether any bridge units are connected. As part of this protocol, controller 310 can first request a sensor ID from a bridge unit. If the response read is “0”, then controller 310 would know that no bridge unit is connected to that universal sensor interface 330-n. If, on the other hand, the response read is not “0”, then controller 310 would ask for the number of data values that have to be retrieved and the number of bits on which the data values are coded. In one example, the higher order 8-bits of a 16-bit communication between controller 310 and a bridge unit identifies the number of data values, while the lower order 8-bits of the 16-bit communication identifies the number of bits used to code each data value. Based on the number of data values to be retrieved, controller 310 would then collect that number of data values.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example embodiment of a bridge unit configured for attachment to a sensor network node, an example of which was described with reference to FIG. 3 . As illustrated, bridge unit 400 includes controller 410, which communicates over a universal sensor interface with a supporting sensor network node. In one embodiment, bridge unit 400 supports the universal sensor interface with a connector 420 configured for pluggable, removable insertion into a corresponding connector interface exposed by the supporting sensor network node. In another embodiment, the bridge unit can be coupled to the connector interface exposed by the supporting sensor network node via a connector attached to a cable.

Bridge unit 400 can support a plurality of sensors 430-n such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air quality (e.g., CO₂) sensor, a light sensor, a sound sensor, or any other sensor that can be incorporated in bridge unit 400. Additionally, one or more sensors 430-n can generate sensor data based on inputs received from an external sensor element. For example, a pulse sensor in bridge unit 400 can be configured to receive pulse signal inputs from an external sensor element and can translate the pulse signal inputs into sensor data. As would be appreciated, one or more of sensors 430-n can be configured to operate on any type of input signals generated by an external sensor element. In various examples, the signal inputs can be generated by external sensor elements that support an occupancy sensor application, a radiation sensor application, a contact sensor application, a flow sensor application, a resource consumption application, a credential sensor application, or any other type of sensor application configured to measure a characteristic associated with a physical environment of a part of the monitored location.

As noted, support of one or more sensors by a bridge unit can be enabled via an interface of the bridge unit with an external controller. Referring back to the example illustration of FIG. 2 , this scenario is illustrated by bridge unit 250 interfacing with controller 260, which supports one or more sensors 270. In one embodiment, the interface between bridge unit 250 and controller 260 is an interface based on an industry-defined protocol. For example, the interface can be based on Modbus, BACnet, LonWorks, or any other industry-defined interface specification.

With reference to the example embodiment of FIG. 4 , bridge unit 400 can include interface section 440 to support the interface with an external controller. Interface section 440 can include an interface controller 441 that is configured to communicate with a corresponding external controller that provides support for one or more sensors. For example, interface section 440 can be configured to communicate with an energy-monitoring meter having voltage and current sensors that can be used to determine energy-related data such as kWh, kW peak demand, power factor per phase, amps per phase and volts per phase. In this example, interface controller 441 can read data from the energy-monitoring meter using the industry-defined interface. In one scenario, the read data can include a plurality of sensor information 442-n as well as one or more elements of additional information 443. As would be appreciated, the one or more elements of additional information 443 can relate to the interface, one or more sensors, the meter, the application, or any information relevant to the resulting connection of the meter to the bridge unit.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example embodiment of a bridge unit interfacing with an external controller that supports one or more sensors. In this embodiment, assume that the interface between the bridge unit and the external controller is a Modbus interface. As would be appreciated, BACnet, LonWorks, or any other industry-defined interface can also be used between the bridge unit and the external controller.

In general, the Modbus protocol defines a message structure and format used in communication transactions. Modbus devices can communicate using a master-slave method, in which only the master device can initiate a communications transaction with a slave device. A Modbus slave device can hold accessible data in addressable registers. A Modbus slave can contain one or more of four groups of data, including Coil status, Input status, Input registers and Holding registers. A Coil status is a single-bit flag that can represent the status of a digital output of the slave, an Input status is a single-bit flag that can represent the status of a digital input of the slave, an Input register is a 16-bit register that can store data collected by the slave device, and a Holding register is a 16-bit register that can store general-purpose data in the slave device. The various status and registers can be accessed through a specification of a data address (and range) of interest. A Modbus message can include a device address, function code (e.g., read Holding register), and the data address or range of addresses.

As illustrated, bridge unit 510 includes controller 511, an example of which was described with reference to controller 410 in FIG. 4 , and Modbus controller 512 operating in a master mode. Modbus controller 512 can be configured to interface with Modbus controller 531 operating in a slave mode in monitoring device 530. As illustrated, monitoring device 530 can include one or more sensors 532. Here, it should be noted that the interface can be a serial interface or can be an interface enabled by a TCP/IP network.

In communicating with Modbus controller 531 to collect data based on measurements by one or more sensors 532, Modbus controller 512 in bridge unit 510 can be configured based on configuration settings stored in a database of the operation center. In one embodiment, the configuration settings for Modbus controller 512 in bridge unit 510 can be stored in accordance with an identifier based on a gateway identifier, a sensor network node identifier, and a port identifier, wherein the port identifier references a particular connector interface of the sensor network node to which bridge unit 510 is connected. In one example, the configuration settings can include the baud rate, the endianness, a device address of the slave device, function codes (e.g., read/write), and the particular data addresses that are relevant to the function codes. In one embodiment, the configuration settings can be generated based on inputs provided by a user through a user interface supported by the operation center.

Based on the configuration settings stored in the database, the operation center can generate configuration setup packets for transmission to the supporting sensor network node via the gateway. The configuration setup packets can be used by the supporting sensor network node to configure the operation of the Modbus controller in the bridge unit attached to the particular port of the supporting sensor network node. For example, the configuration setup packets can be used to configure the Modbus controller in the bridge unit to read data from a particular address or range of addresses. In one embodiment, the rate (e.g., every X seconds) at which the Modbus controller would transmit the read requests can be controlled by the data collection interval established for the supporting sensor network node. As has been described, the configuration settings can be used to effect a remote configuration of the interface between Modbus controller 512 in bridge unit 510 and Modbus controller 531 in monitoring device 530.

In one embodiment, the operation center can also generate action packets that enable one-off requests by a Modbus controller in a bridge unit. For example, the one-off request can relate to a read of a particular address or range of addresses to effect some form of verification, or can relate to a write of a particular address or range of addresses to effect some form of control. In one embodiment, the event-based action packet can be initiated by user interaction with a user interface supported by the operation center. In another embodiment, the event-based action packet can be initiated in response to analytics performed on data collected by the operation center from one or more sensor network nodes. For example, the action packet initiated based on analytics can be used to effect a response action at a monitored location. As would be appreciated, the event-based action packet can be initiated in response to any event and can control a Modbus controller in any bridge unit to transmit a particular request over the Modbus interface.

As has been described, a bridge unit can collect sensor-related data from a plurality of sensors in a variety of ways. Regardless of the mechanism of collection of data from supported sensors, the bridge unit can provide the collected data to a sensor network node via a universal interface. FIG. 6 illustrates an example data flow between a sensor network node and a plurality of bridge units. As illustrated, sensor network node 600 interfaces with a plurality of bridge units, including bridge unit 620-1, bridge unit 620-2, . . . , and bridge unit 620-N. Connectors of bridge unit 620-1, bridge unit 620-2, . . . , and bridge unit 620-N are each physically attached to separate connector interfaces exposed by the housing of sensor network node 600.

The attachment of bridge unit 620-1 to sensor network node 600 enables communication of data between controller 621-1 and controller 610, the attachment of bridge unit 620-2 to sensor network node 600 enables communication of data between controller 621-2 and controller 610, . . . , and the attachment of bridge unit 620-N to wireless node 600 enables communication of data between controller 621-N and controller 610. By this attachment, each of bridge units 620-1, 620-2, . . . , and 620-N can be coupled to sensor network node 600 via a universal sensor interface having the connectivity characteristics described above.

The plug-and-play nature of the connection of bridge units to supporting sensor network nodes facilitates a modular framework for collection of sensor data at a monitored location. FIG. 7 illustrates an example embodiment of a housing of a sensor network node such as the example illustration of sensor network node 300 in FIG. 3 . As illustrated, sensor network node 700 can have a housing configured to expose a plurality of connector interfaces 710. Each of the plurality of connector interfaces 710 can support the physical attachment of a single bridge unit. In the example illustration, each side of the housing of node 700 exposes a single connector interface 710. In the present disclosure, it is recognized that the housing of the node can be substantially larger than the housing of the bridge unit. This can result, for example, because the node can be designed with additional components such as an internal power source (e.g., battery) that can involve additional volume requirements as compared to the bridge units. It is therefore recognized that one embodiment of a sensor network node can have multiple bridge units physically attached to a single side of the sensor network node.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example embodiment of a housing of a bridge unit such as the example illustration of bridge unit 400 in FIG. 4 . As illustrated, bridge unit 800 can have a housing configured to expose a connector 810. Connector 810 can be configured for pluggable, removable insertion into a corresponding connector interface 710 exposed by the housing of sensor network node 700. The connection of bridge unit 800 to sensor network node 700 via the insertion of connector 810 into connector interface 710 produces a true plug-and-play framework for the deployment of sensors at a monitored location.

Whether from internal sensors or from sensors supported by one or more bridge units attached to a sensor network node, data based on sensor measurements can be collected by a sensor network node and transmitted to an operation center for storage in a database. As illustrated in FIG. 2 , sensor network node 222-1 can collect data based on measurements by sensors integrated with sensor network node 222-1, can collect data based on measurements by sensors supported by bridge unit 240, and can collect data based on measurements by sensors supported by bridge unit 250. The collected data based on measurements by these various sensors can be transmitted to operation center 230 via gateway 221. Operation center 230 can then store the collected data in a database.

The data collected by sensor network node 222-1 represents data collected outside of domain 210 in which legacy control system 211 operates. It is a feature of the present disclosure that operation center 230 can process the collected data to produce customized information for presentation to a known interface supported by legacy control system 211. In general, the customized information can be designed to produce actionable information for use by legacy control system 211.

In one example, the customized information can represent sensor measurement data that has been conditioned for use by legacy control system 211. In one scenario, operation center 230 can smooth a stream of sensor data by presenting a moving average of sensor data. The smoothed or otherwise conditioned data can prevent legacy control system 211 from performing unwarranted response actions upon the occurrence of spurious sensor data readings.

In another example, operation center 230 can be configured to transform multiple sensor data values into a transformed data value. In one scenario, operation center 230 can generate a power measurement data value based on a voltage measurement data value and a current measurement data value. Here, it should be noted that operation center 230 can be configured to perform complex conversion functions that may not be supported by a monitoring device that performed the sensor measurements.

In yet another example, operation center 230 can be configured to transform multiple sensor data values into information reflective of custom analytics. In a simple scenario, operation center 230 can be configured to analyze collected data relative to a threshold value. This alert function can be applied to a single stream of collected data. In a more complex scenario, an alert function can be defined that analyzes a composite of multiple data values. For example, the alert function can analyze a moving average, a rate of change, or any factor inclusive of multiple data values to determine whether an alert should be triggered. In one scenario, the custom analytics can be configured to monitor the operation of equipment at a monitored location to determine whether a maintenance action should be scheduled. As would be appreciated, these examples are not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present disclosure. In general, the particular form of the alert function would be implementation dependent.

Operation center 230 can be configured to process collected data to produce any form or type of information needed by legacy control system 211. Thus, the particular processing performed by operation center 230 would be dependent on the needs and capabilities of legacy control system 211 and the sensor application implemented.

The processing of collected data can produce customized information for presentation to legacy control system 211. As illustrated, the customized information can be transmitted by operation center 230 to gateway 221. Gateway 221 can forward the customized information to sensor network node 222-2 via the sensor network (e.g., wireless mesh network). Sensor network node 222-2 can be configured to interface with legacy control system 211 via bridge unit 280 to present the customized information to legacy control system 211.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example embodiment of a bridge unit that can interface with a building control system 930. In this embodiment, assume that the interface between the bridge unit and the building control system is a Modbus interface. As would be appreciated, BACnet, LonWorks, or any other industry-defined interface can also be used between the bridge unit and the building control system.

As illustrated, bridge unit 910 includes controller 911, an example of which was described with reference to controller 410 in FIG. 4 , and Modbus controller 912 operating in a slave mode. Modbus controller 912 in bridge unit 910 can be configured to interface with Modbus controller 931 operating in a master mode. In this arrangement, Modbus controller 912 can be configured to respond to messages from Modbus controller 931. For example, Modbus controller 931 can transmit a Modbus request message that includes a device address, function code, and the data address or range of addresses. This Modbus message can be used to collect information from bridge unit 910 (e.g., sensor information and/or additional information) in a manner similar to the collection of information from a monitoring device. As compared to the interface relationship illustrated in FIG. 5 , the role of the bridge unit has switched from a master mode to a slave mode. Again, it should be noted that the interface can be a direct serial interface or can be an interface enabled by a TCP/IP network.

From one perspective, bridge unit 910 can function as a type of proxy for an actual monitoring device. While bridge unit 910 can stand in the place of a monitoring device in presenting information based on measurements by a monitoring device, the back-end functions of the operation center enables bridge unit 910 to present customized information, not just the data collected and/or generated by the monitoring device.

In communicating with Modbus controller 931, Modbus controller 912 can be configured based on configuration settings stored in a database of the operation center. In one embodiment, the configuration settings for Modbus controller 912 in bridge unit 910 can be stored in accordance with an identifier based on a gateway identifier, a sensor network node identifier, and a port identifier, wherein the port identifier references a particular connector interface of the sensor network node to which bridge unit 910 is connected. In one example, the configuration settings can specify the device and data addresses needed for Modbus controller 912 to respond to requests from Modbus controller 931. For example, the configuration settings can specify the data addresses to be associated with sensor information and/or additional information to be provided to Modbus controller 931. Based on this association, Modbus controller 912 would know which sensor information and/or additional information should be sent to Modbus controller 931 in response to a request. In one embodiment, the configuration settings can be generated based on inputs provided by a user through a user interface supported by the operation center.

Based on the configuration settings stored in the database, the operation center can generate configuration setup packets for transmission to the supporting sensor network node via the gateway. The configuration setup packets can then be used by the sensor network node to configure the operation of the Modbus controller in the bridge unit attached to the particular port of the sensor network node. The configuration settings can therefore be used to effect a remote configuration of the interface between Modbus controller 912 in bridge unit 910 and Modbus controller 931.

Having described a framework for augmenting a domain of a legacy control system, a description of a data flow in an augmented control system domain is now provided with reference to FIG. 10 . In the example illustration of FIG. 10 , data can be generated based on sensor measurements performed by sensor 1010. The generated data can then be provided to bridge unit 1020. The provision of data to bridge unit 1020 is illustrated as data flow “1”. In one example, the provision of data from sensor 1010 to bridge unit 1020 can be performed via intra-device communication where sensor 1010 is integrated with bridge unit 1020. In another example, the provision of data from sensor 1010 to bridge unit 1020 can be performed via an external interface based on an industry-defined protocol. In one scenario, bridge unit 1020 includes a Modbus controller operating in a master mode that retrieves data from a monitoring device that includes a Modbus controller operating in a slave mode.

Bridge unit 1020 can leverage a sensor network node communication infrastructure formed by a plurality of sensor network nodes to communicate the collected data to gateway 1040. Entry into the sensor network node communication infrastructure is through sensor network node 1030. In one embodiment, bridge unit 1020 is attached to sensor network node 1030 via a plug-and-play universal sensor interface. The communication through the sensor network node communication infrastructure is illustrated as data flow “2”. The sensor network node infrastructure can be based on wired and/or wireless communication, and can include communication through one or more intervening nodes between sensor network node 1030 and gateway 1040. In one example, the data is communicated through a wireless mesh network formed by a plurality of wireless sensor network nodes.

Gateway 1040 can transmit the data received from the sensor network node communication infrastructure to operation center 1050 via a network connection. This communication is illustrated as data flow “3”. Operation center 1050 can be located external to the monitored location. In various embodiments, the network connection can be based on wired and/or wireless communications.

Having been transported offsite from the monitored location, the collected data can now be processed for presentation to control system 1080. In one embodiment, the processing is performed by custom processing element 1051, which can be enabled by one or more servers at operation center 1050 under the control of configuration settings established by a user. In one embodiment, the processing can include one or more conversion functions defined by the configuration settings. These one or more con version functions may not be supported by a monitoring device in the building control system domain. The production, by custom processing element 1051, of sensor information from data based on measurements by sensor 1010 is illustrated as data flow “4”. The custom-processed sensor information can now be returned to the monitored location for presentation to control system 1080. Operation center 1050 can be configured to transmit the custom-processed sensor information back to gateway 1040 via the network connection. This communication is illustrated as data flow “5”.

Gateway 1040 would then transmit the custom-processed sensor information to bridge unit 1070 via the sensor network node communication infrastructure formed by the plurality of sensor network nodes. This communication through the sensor network node communication infrastructure is illustrated as data flow “6”. Again, the communication through the sensor network node communication infrastructure can include communication through one or more intervening nodes between sensor network node gateway 1040 and sensor network node 1060.

The custom-processed sensor information can exit from the sensor network node communication infrastructure through sensor network node 1060 and be passed to bridge unit 1070. In one embodiment, bridge unit 1070 is attached to sensor network node 1070 via a plug-and-play universal sensor interface.

Bridge unit 1070 can now present the custom-processed sensor information to building control system 1080. This presentation is illustrated as data flow “7”. In one embodiment, the presentation of custom-processed sensor information from bridge unit 1070 to building control system 1080 can be performed via an external interface based on an industry-defined protocol. In one scenario, bridge unit 1070 includes a Modbus controller operating in a slave mode that is responsive to requests for the custom-processed sensor information from a Modbus controller operating in a master mode.

As this example data flow illustrates, custom-processed sensor information can be generated from data based on measurements taken by sensors outside of a control system domain. The custom-processed sensor information can then be presented to the control system through a known interface supported by the control system. The control system domain is thereby augmented with sensor information that was not previously available to the control system.

In general, a flexible sensor network node infrastructure such as that described with reference to FIG. 2 can be established outside of an existing control system domain. This sensor network node infrastructure may or may not leverage custom processing of collected data using an operation center outside of the control system domain. In one example, the control system domain can be augmented with sensor data produced by sensors not previously supported by the legacy control system. In this scenario, the provision of new sensor data through a known interface supported by the control system would be advantageous.

With reference to FIG. 2 , additional sensor data that augments the legacy control system domain can be generated by sensors supported by bridge unit 280, can be generated by sensors supported by sensor network node 222-2, can be generated by sensors supported by another bridge unit attached to sensor network node 222-2, and can be generated by sensors supported by another sensor network node 222-n, whether or not the sensor data passed through operation center 230 for custom processing. This can be the case, for example, where the sensor network node communication infrastructure has a reach that extends beyond the communication infrastructure that supports legacy control system domain 210.

The augmentation of the legacy control system domain has many benefits. For example, expanding the sensor information considered by the legacy control system domain can improve reporting, information management and decision-making, can increase operational savings through more efficient resource deployment, can promote more robust energy efficient decisions, and can provide a flexible mechanism to scale the control system platform.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure can provide a machine and/or computer readable storage and/or medium, having stored thereon, a machine code and/or a computer program having at least one code section executable by a machine and/or a computer, thereby causing the machine and/or computer to perform the steps as described herein.

Those of skill in the relevant art would appreciate that the various illustrative blocks, modules, elements, components, and methods described herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative blocks, modules, elements, components, methods, and algorithms have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those of skill in the relevant art can implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application. Various components and blocks may be arranged differently (e.g., arranged in a different order, or partitioned in a different way) all without departing from the scope of the subject technology.

These and other aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the relevant art by a review of the preceding detailed disclosure. Although a number of salient features of the present disclosure have been described above, the principles in the present disclosure are capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways that would be apparent to one of skill in the relevant art after reading the present disclosure, therefore the above disclosure should not be considered to be exclusive of these other embodiments. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purposes of description and should not be regarded as limiting. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A system, comprising: a first sensor device installed in a first location of a building, the first sensor device having a plurality of sensors including a first temperature sensor, a first humidity sensor and a first air quality sensor; a second sensor device installed in a second location of the building, the second sensor device having a second temperature sensor, a second humidity sensor and a second air quality sensor; an operation center having one or more servers, the one or more servers configured to receive first sensor data measured by the first temperature sensor, the first humidity sensor and the first air quality sensor and to receive second sensor data measured by the second temperature sensor, the second humidity sensor and the second air quality sensor, to generate first customized sensor information from the first sensor data and to generate second customized sensor information from the second sensor data, and to transmit the first customized sensor information and the second customized sensor information to the building via an Internet connection; and a presentation device installed in the building, the presentation device configured to receive the first customized sensor information and the second customized sensor information, and to transmit, in response to one or more requests received from a Building Management System (BMS) control device in the building, the first customized sensor information and the second customized sensor information to the BMS control device via a wired interface that connects the presentation device to the BMS control device.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the wired interface uses an industry-defined protocol supported by the BMS control device.
 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the wired interface enables a BACnet communication protocol.
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first air quality sensor is a carbon dioxide sensor.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more servers are configured to smooth the first sensor data via a moving average.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more servers are configured to generate a single data value from multiple data values.
 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more servers are configured to generate a custom analytic based on the first sensor data.
 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the presentation device receives the first customized sensor information and the second customized sensor information from a gateway device, the gateway device having a wide area network connection with the operation center.
 9. A method, comprising: receiving, by one or more servers in an operation center, first sensor data measured by a first temperature sensor, a first humidity sensor and a first air quality sensor in a first sensor device installed in a first location of a building and second sensor data measured by a second temperature sensor, a second humidity sensor and a second air quality sensor in a second sensor device installed in a second location of the building; generating, by the one or more servers, first customized sensor information from the first sensor data and generating second customized sensor information from the second sensor data; transmitting, by the one or more servers, the first customized sensor information and the second customized sensor information to the building via an Internet connection; and transmitting, by a presentation device in the building in response to one or more requests received from a Building Management System (BMS) control device in the building, the first customized sensor information and the second customized sensor information to the BMS control device via a wired interface that connects the presentation device to the BMS control device.
 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the wired interface uses an industry-defined protocol supported by the BMS control device.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the wired interface enables a BACnet communication protocol.
 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the first air quality sensor is a carbon dioxide sensor.
 13. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more servers are configured to smooth the first sensor data via a moving average.
 14. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more servers are configured to generate a single data value from multiple data values.
 15. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more servers are configured to generate a custom analytic based on the first sensor data.
 16. The method of claim 9, wherein the presentation device receives the first customized sensor information and the second customized sensor information from a gateway device, the gateway device having a wide area network connection with the operation center.
 17. A device installed in a building, comprising: a wired interface the connects the device with a Building Management System (BMS) control device in the building, the wired interface supporting a BACnet communication protocol; a transceiver that enables the device to receive first customized sensor information and second customized sensor information, the first customized sensor information generated by one or more servers in an operation center by processing first sensor data measured by a first temperature sensor, a first humidity sensor and a first air quality sensor in a first sensor device in the building, the second customized sensor information generated by the one or more servers in the operation center by processing second sensor data measured by a second temperature sensor, a second humidity sensor and a second air quality sensor in a second sensor device in the building, the operation center communicatively connected to the building via an Internet connection; and a controller configured to transmit, in response to one or more requests received from the BMS control device, the first customized sensor information and the second customized sensor information to the BMS control device via the wired interface.
 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the first air quality sensor is a carbon dioxide sensor.
 19. The device of claim 17, wherein the transceiver is a wireless transceiver.
 20. The device of claim 17, wherein the transceiver receives the first customized sensor information and the second customized sensor information from a gateway device. 